腐(fu)(fu)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)機(ji)理是在金屬表(biao)面(mian)形成一(yi)層屏(ping)(ping)蔽涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層，阻(zu)止(zhi)水(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)氧(yang)與金屬表(biao)面(mian)接觸。但有(you)大量研究(jiu)表(biao)明(ming)(ming)，涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層總(zong)有(you)一(yi)定的(de)透氣性(xing)和(he)(he)滲水(shui)(shui)性(xing)，涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料透水(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)氧(yang)的(de)速度(du)往往高(gao)于裸露鋼(gang)鐵表(biao)面(mian)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)消耗水(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)氧(yang)的(de)速度(du)，涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層不(bu)可能(neng)達到(dao)完全屏(ping)(ping)蔽作用(yong)。志盛(sheng)威華(hua)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料研發室還(huan)發現，涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料的(de)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)作用(yong)是因為導(dao)電(dian)(dian)度(du)降(jiang)低而(er)阻(zu)止(zhi)了(le)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)的(de)進行(xing)，雖(sui)然導(dao)電(dian)(dian)度(du)高(gao)的(de)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料，防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)能(neng)力的(de)確不(bu)好(hao)，但導(dao)電(dian)(dian)度(du)低的(de)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層，導(dao)電(dian)(dian)率和(he)(he)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)能(neng)并沒有(you)明(ming)(ming)確的(de)關(guan)系，后(hou)來志盛(sheng)威華(hua)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料試(shi)驗室提出了(le)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料與鋼(gang)鐵表(biao)面(mian)的(de)濕附著力對防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)起(qi)著重要(yao)的(de)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)作用(yong)。

　　防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)涂(tu)(tu)層的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)機(ji)理,防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)涂(tu)(tu)層所(suo)以(yi)能(neng)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鋼鐵起到(dao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，人們(men)認同的(de)主要是因(yin)為(wei)以(yi)下三種作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong),1、屏(ping)蔽作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)漆膜層的(de)屏(ping)蔽作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)于(yu)隔(ge)離被(bei)(bei)(bei)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)基(ji)體(ti)與(yu)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)直接(jie)接(jie)觸。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)(guo)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)被(bei)(bei)(bei)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)必須要求漆膜層能(neng)阻止(zhi)外界環境與(yu)金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)接(jie)觸，從而達到(dao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)效果(guo)(guo)，例(li)如(ru)(ru)ZS-1021封閉涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)，屏(ping)蔽腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、空氣、酸雨等，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)基(ji)材不(bu)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)銹(xiu)。2、緩蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，借助(zhu)涂(tu)(tu)層中含(han)有的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)銹(xiu)顏(yan)料(liao)(liao)，在(zai)(zai)溶(rong)液(ye)中解(jie)(jie)離出緩蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)離子，使(shi)基(ji)體(ti)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)，抑制腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)程。例(li)如(ru)(ru)ZS-1034耐(nai)酸堿(jian)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)，高(gao)級納(na)米防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)銹(xiu)顏(yan)料(liao)(liao)，很好的(de)和腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)威華防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)膜。當(dang)金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)氧(yang)氣濃(nong)度(du)超過一(yi)定(ding)量(liang)時，可(ke)將金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)化(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)所(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)Fee十氧(yang)化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)Fe3+，Fe3+再同金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)還原反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)所(suo)得到(dao)的(de)OH一(yi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)，形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)Fe沉淀而沉積在(zai)(zai)金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)致(zhi)密層，阻止(zhi)了進(jin)一(yi)步腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，這叫(jiao)做(zuo)(zuo)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)，可(ke)以(yi)引起鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)的(de)OZ濃(nong)度(du)叫(jiao)做(zuo)(zuo)臨(lin)界濃(nong)度(du)，pH值(zhi)越(yue)高(gao)，臨(lin)界濃(nong)度(du)越(yue)低(di)(di)，因(yin)此高(gao)pH值(zhi)有利于(yu)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)。在(zai)(zai)pH值(zhi)低(di)(di)于(yu)10時，要金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)濃(nong)度(du)增加到(dao)臨(lin)界濃(nong)度(du)是很困難的(de)，但(dan)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)濃(nong)度(du)超過一(yi)定(ding)量(liang)、具有一(yi)定(ding)水溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)的(de)氧(yang)化(hua)劑，如(ru)(ru)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)銹(xiu)顏(yan)料(liao)(liao)鉻酸鹽(yan)、鉛酸鹽(yan)、磷酸鹽(yan)等進(jin)行鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)。3、犧(xi)牲陽(yang)極保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，考慮(lv)到(dao)電化(hua)學腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)素，在(zai)(zai)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)中加人一(yi)些比被(bei)(bei)(bei)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)基(ji)體(ti)更活(huo)潑的(de)金(jin)屬粉，如(ru)(ru)鋅(xin)粉作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)填料(liao)(liao)，當(dang)電解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)人到(dao)被(bei)(bei)(bei)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)電化(hua)學腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時，高(gao)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)ZS-711無機(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)中的(de)金(jin)屬就(jiu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)犧(xi)牲陽(yang)極而被(bei)(bei)(bei)溶(rong)解(jie)(jie)，耐(nai)溫(wen)高(gao)達到(dao)400℃，使(shi)得基(ji)體(ti)金(jin)屬免(mian)遭(zao)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。如(ru)(ru)在(zai)(zai)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電池反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)時，Zn為(wei)陽(yang)極分(fen)解(jie)(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)Zn2+，與(yu)在(zai)(zai)陰極處生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)OH-反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)Zn2,Zn2再與(yu)CO2反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)ZnCO3，它們(men)都為(wei)堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)，因(yin)此可(ke)以(yi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鋼鐵不(bu)再受(shou)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，711無機(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)使(shi)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)海水中，使(shi)用(yong)年(nian)限可(ke)以(yi)達到(dao)50年(nian)。

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